Chapter 12
The Parable of the Wicked Tenants
1
Then [Jesus] began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard. He put a wall {around it}, dug a wine vat, and built a watchtower. Then he rented it out… to [some] tenants and went away on a journey.
Καὶ ἤρξατο λαλεῖν αὐτοῖς ἐν παραβολαῖς ἄνθρωπος ἐφύτευσεν Ἀμπελῶνα καὶ περιέθηκεν φραγμὸν καὶ ὤρυξεν ὑπολήνιον καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν πύργον καὶ ἐξέδετο αὐτὸν γεωργοῖς καὶ ἀπεδήμησεν Kai ērxato lalein autois en parabolais anthrōpos ephyteusen Ampelōna kai periethēken phragmon kai ōryxen hypolēnion kai ōkodomēsen pyrgon kai exedeto auton geōrgois kai apedēmēsen — NA/TR · 1
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- At harvest time, he sent a servant to the tenants to collect - [his share] of the fruit of the vineyard.
Καὶ τῷ καιρῷ ἀπέστειλεν δοῦλον πρὸς τοὺς γεωργοὺς ἵνα λάβῃ παρὰ τῶν γεωργῶν ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος Kai tō kairō apesteilen doulon pros tous geōrgous hina labē para tōn geōrgōn apo tōn karpōn tou ampelōnos — NA/TR · 2
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But they seized [the servant], beat [him], and sent [him] away empty-handed.
καὶ λαβόντες αὐτὸν ἔδειραν καὶ ἀπέστειλαν κενόν kai labontes auton edeiran kai apesteilan kenon — NA/TR · 3
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Then he sent them another servant, and they struck {him} over the head and treated [him] shamefully.
Καὶ πάλιν ἀπέστειλεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἄλλον δοῦλον κἀκεῖνον ἐκεφαλίωσαν καὶ ἠτίμασαν Kai palin apesteilen pros autous allon doulon kakeinon ekephaliōsan kai ētimasan — NA/TR · 4
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- He sent still another, and this one they killed. [He sent] many others; some they beat and [others] they killed.
καὶ ἀπέστειλεν ἄλλον κἀκεῖνον ἀπέκτειναν καὶ πολλοὺς ἄλλους μὲν οὓς δέροντες δὲ οὓς ἀποκτέννοντες kai apesteilen allon kakeinon apekteinan kai pollous allous men hous derontes de hous apoktennontes — NA/TR · 5
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vvv Finally, having one beloved son, he sent him to them. ‘They will respect my son, he said -.
Ἔτι ἔσχατον εἶχεν ἕνα ἀγαπητόν υἱὸν ἀπέστειλεν αὐτὸν πρὸς αὐτοὺς Ἐντραπήσονται μου τὸν υἱόν λέγων ὅτι Eti eschaton eichen hena agapēton huion apesteilen auton pros autous Entrapēsontai mou ton huion legōn hoti — NA/TR · 6
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But [the] tenants said to one another -, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.
δὲ Ἐκεῖνοι οἱ γεωργοὶ εἶπαν πρὸς ἑαυτοὺς ὅτι Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ κληρονόμος δεῦτε ἀποκτείνωμεν αὐτόν καὶ ἡ κληρονομία ἔσται ἡμῶν de Ekeinoi hoi geōrgoi eipan pros heautous hoti Houtos estin ho klēronomos deute apokteinōmen auton kai hē klēronomia estai hēmōn — NA/TR · 7
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So they seized [the son], killed him, and threw him out of the vineyard.
καὶ λαβόντες ἀπέκτειναν αὐτόν καὶ ἐξέβαλον αὐτὸν ἔξω τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος kai labontes apekteinan auton kai exebalon auton exō tou ampelōnos — NA/TR · 8
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What then {will} the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and kill [those] tenants and give the vineyard to others.
Τί οὖν ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος ποιήσει ἐλεύσεται καὶ ἀπολέσει τοὺς γεωργούς καὶ δώσει τὸν ἀμπελῶνα ἄλλοις Ti oun ho kyrios tou ampelōnos poiēsei eleusetai kai apolesei tous geōrgous kai dōsei ton ampelōna allois — NA/TR · 9
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vvv Have you never read this Scripture: ‘[The] stone the builders rejected has become the vvv cornerstone.
οὐδὲ ἀνέγνωτε ταύτην τὴν γραφὴν Λίθον ὃν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες ἀπεδοκίμασαν Οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας oude anegnōte tautēn tēn graphēn Lithon hon hoi oikodomountes apedokimasan Houtos egenēthē eis kephalēn gōnias — NA/TR · 10
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This is from [the] Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes’
αὕτη ἐγένετο Παρὰ Κυρίου Καὶ ἔστιν θαυμαστὴ ἐν ἡμῶν ὀφθαλμοῖς hautē egeneto Para Kyriou Kai estin thaumastē en hēmōn ophthalmois — NA/TR · 11
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At this, [the leaders] sought to arrest [Jesus], for they knew that He had spoken [this] parable against them. But fearing the crowd, they left Him [and] went away.
Καὶ ἐζήτουν κρατῆσαι αὐτὸν γὰρ ἔγνωσαν ὅτι εἶπεν τὴν παραβολὴν πρὸς αὐτοὺς καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν τὸν ὄχλον καὶ ἀφέντες αὐτὸν ἀπῆλθον Kai ezētoun kratēsai auton gar egnōsan hoti eipen tēn parabolēn pros autous kai ephobēthēsan ton ochlon kai aphentes auton apēlthon — NA/TR · 12
Paying Taxes to Caesar
13
Later, they sent - some of the Pharisees and Herodians to catch [Jesus] in [His] words.
Καὶ ἀποστέλλουσιν πρὸς αὐτόν τινας τῶν Φαρισαίων καὶ τῶν Ἡρῳδιανῶν ἵνα ἀγρεύσωσιν αὐτὸν λόγῳ Kai apostellousin pros auton tinas tōn Pharisaiōn kai tōn Hērōdianōn hina agreusōsin auton logō — NA/TR · 13
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“Teacher, vvv they said…, “we know that You are honest and vvv seek favor from no one. Indeed, vvv You are impartial… [and] teach the way of God in accordance with [the] truth. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar or not? Should we pay [them] or not -?
Διδάσκαλε καὶ ἐλθόντες λέγουσιν αὐτῷ οἴδαμεν ὅτι εἶ ἀληθὴς καὶ σοι οὐ μέλει περὶ οὐδενός γὰρ οὐ βλέπεις εἰς πρόσωπον ἀνθρώπων ἀλλ’ διδάσκεις τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐπ’ ἀληθείας ἔξεστιν δοῦναι κῆνσον Καίσαρι ἢ οὔ δῶμεν ἢ μὴ δῶμεν Didaskale kai elthontes legousin autō oidamen hoti ei alēthēs kai soi ou melei peri oudenos gar ou blepeis eis prosōpon anthrōpōn all’ didaskeis tēn hodon tou Theou ep’ alētheias exestin dounai kēnson Kaisari ē ou dōmen ē mē dōmen — NA/TR · 14
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But [Jesus] saw through their hypocrisy [and] said -, “Why are you testing Me? Bring Me a denarius to inspect.
δὲ Ὁ εἰδὼς αὐτῶν τὴν ὑπόκρισιν εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Τί πειράζετε με φέρετέ μοι δηνάριον ἵνα ἴδω de Ho eidōs autōn tēn hypokrisin eipen autois Ti peirazete me pherete moi dēnarion hina idō — NA/TR · 15
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[So] they brought [it], and He asked them, “Whose image [is] this? And [whose] inscription? “Caesar’s, - they answered -.
δὲ οἱ ἤνεγκαν καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς Τίνος ἡ εἰκὼν αὕτη καὶ ἡ ἐπιγραφή Καίσαρος δὲ Οἱ εἶπαν αὐτῷ de hoi ēnenkan kai legei autois Tinos hē eikōn hautē kai hē epigraphē Kaisaros de Hoi eipan autō — NA/TR · 16
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Then Jesus told them, “Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s. And they marveled at Him.
δὲ Ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς ἀπόδοτε Καίσαρι Τὰ Καίσαρος καὶ τῷ Θεῷ τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ Καὶ ἐξεθαύμαζον ἐπ’ αὐτῷ de Ho Iēsous eipen autois apodote Kaisari Ta Kaisaros kai tō Theō ta tou Theou Kai exethaumazon ep’ autō — NA/TR · 17
The Sadducees and the Resurrection
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Then the Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, came to [Jesus] and questioned Him -:
Καὶ Σαδδουκαῖοι οἵτινες λέγουσιν εἶναι μὴ ἀνάστασιν ἔρχονται πρὸς αὐτόν καὶ ἐπηρώτων αὐτὸν λέγοντες Kai Saddoukaioi hoitines legousin einai mē anastasin erchontai pros auton kai epērōtōn auton legontes — NA/TR · 18
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“Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, vvv vvv [the man] is to marry [his brother’s] widow and raise up offspring for [him].
Διδάσκαλε Μωϋσῆς ἔγραψεν ἡμῖν ὅτι ἐάν τινος ἀδελφὸς ἀποθάνῃ καὶ καταλίπῃ γυναῖκα καὶ μὴ ἀφῇ τέκνον ἵνα αὐτοῦ ὁ ἀδελφὸς λάβῃ τὴν γυναῖκα καὶ ἐξαναστήσῃ σπέρμα τῷ αὐτοῦ ἀδελφῷ Didaskale Mōusēs egrapsen hēmin hoti ean tinos adelphos apothanē kai katalipē gynaika kai mē aphē teknon hina autou ho adelphos labē tēn gynaika kai exanastēsē sperma tō autou adelphō — NA/TR · 19
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[Now] there were seven brothers. The first [one] married… and died, leaving no children.
ἦσαν ἑπτὰ ἀδελφοὶ καὶ ὁ πρῶτος ἔλαβεν γυναῖκα καὶ ἀποθνῄσκων ἀφῆκεν οὐκ σπέρμα ēsan hepta adelphoi kai ho prōtos elaben gynaika kai apothnēskōn aphēken ouk sperma — NA/TR · 20
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Then the second [one] married [the widow], [but] he also died… [and] left no children. And the third [did] likewise.
καὶ ὁ δεύτερος ἔλαβεν αὐτήν καὶ ἀπέθανεν καταλιπὼν μὴ σπέρμα καὶ ὁ τρίτος ὡσαύτως kai ho deuteros elaben autēn kai apethanen katalipōn mē sperma kai ho tritos hōsautōs — NA/TR · 21
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In this way, none of the seven left [any] children. And last of all, the woman died.
καὶ οὐκ οἱ ἑπτὰ ἀφῆκαν σπέρμα καὶ ἔσχατον πάντων ἡ γυνὴ ἀπέθανεν kai ouk hoi hepta aphēkan sperma kai eschaton pantōn hē gynē apethanen — NA/TR · 22
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In the resurrection, [then]…, whose… wife will she be? For [all] seven were married to her.
ἐν τῇ ἀναστάσει ὅταν ἀναστῶσιν τίνος αὐτῶν γυνή ἔσται γὰρ οἱ ἑπτὰ ἔσχον γυναῖκα αὐτὴν en tē anastasei hotan anastōsin tinos autōn gynē estai gar hoi hepta eschon gynaika autēn — NA/TR · 23
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- Jesus said to them, “vvv Aren’t you mistaken…, because vvv you do not know the Scriptures [or] the power of God?
ὁ Ἰησοῦς Ἔφη αὐτοῖς τοῦτο πλανᾶσθε Οὐ διὰ μὴ εἰδότες τὰς γραφὰς μηδὲ τὴν δύναμιν τοῦ Θεοῦ ho Iēsous Ephē autois touto planasthe Ou dia mē eidotes tas graphas mēde tēn dynamin tou Theou — NA/TR · 24
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- When the dead rise…, vvv they will neither marry nor be given in marriage. Instead, they will be like [the] angels in heaven.
γὰρ ὅταν ἀναστῶσιν ἐκ νεκρῶν οὔτε γαμοῦσιν οὔτε γαμίζονται ἀλλ’ εἰσὶν ὡς ἄγγελοι ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς gar hotan anastōsin ek nekrōn oute gamousin oute gamizontai all’ eisin hōs angeloi en tois ouranois — NA/TR · 25
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But concerning the dead rising, vvv have you not read about the [burning] bush in the Book of Moses, how God told him -, ‘I [am] the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’
δὲ Περὶ τῶν νεκρῶν ὅτι ἐγείρονται οὐκ ἀνέγνωτε ἐπὶ τοῦ Βάτου ἐν τῇ βίβλῳ Μωϋσέως πῶς ὁ Θεὸς εἶπεν αὐτῷ λέγων Ἐγὼ ὁ Θεὸς Ἀβραὰμ καὶ ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσαὰκ καὶ ὁ Θεὸς Ἰακώβ de Peri tōn nekrōn hoti egeirontai ouk anegnōte epi tou Batou en tē biblō Mōuseōs pōs ho Theos eipen autō legōn Egō ho Theos Abraam kai ho Theos Isaak kai ho Theos Iakōb — NA/TR · 26
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He is not [the] God of [the] dead, but of [the] living. vvv You are badly mistaken!
ἔστιν οὐκ Θεὸς νεκρῶν ἀλλὰ ζώντων πολὺ πλανᾶσθε estin ouk Theos nekrōn alla zōntōn poly planasthe — NA/TR · 27
The Greatest Commandment
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Now one of the scribes had come up and heard their debate. Noticing how well [Jesus] had answered them, he asked Him, “Which commandment is [the] most important of all?
Καὶ εἷς τῶν γραμματέων προσελθὼν ἀκούσας αὐτῶν συζητούντων ἰδὼν καλῶς ὅτι ἀπεκρίθη αὐτοῖς ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτόν Ποία ἐντολὴ ἐστὶν πρώτη πάντων Kai heis tōn grammateōn proselthōn akousas autōn syzētountōn idōn kalōs hoti apekrithē autois epērōtēsen auton Poia entolē estin prōtē pantōn — NA/TR · 28
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ὁ Ἰησοῦς Ἀπεκρίθη ἐστίν Ὅτι Πρώτη Ἄκουε Ἰσραήλ Κύριος ἡμῶν ὁ Θεὸς Κύριος ἐστιν εἷς ho Iēsous Apekrithē estin Hoti Prōtē Akoue Israēl Kyrios hēmōn ho Theos Kyrios estin heis — NA/TR · 29
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- Love [the] Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.’
καὶ ἀγαπήσεις Κύριον σου τὸν Θεόν ἐξ ὅλης σου τῆς καρδίας καὶ ἐξ ὅλης σου τῆς ψυχῆς καὶ ἐξ ὅλης σου τῆς διανοίας καὶ ἐξ ὅλης σου τῆς ἰσχύος kai agapēseis Kyrion sou ton Theon ex holēs sou tēs kardias kai ex holēs sou tēs psychēs kai ex holēs sou tēs dianoias kai ex holēs sou tēs ischyos — NA/TR · 30
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[The] second [is] this: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’ No other commandment is greater than these.
δευτέρα αὕτη Ἀγαπήσεις σου τὸν πλησίον ὡς σεαυτόν οὐκ ἄλλη ἐντολὴ ἔστιν μείζων τούτων deutera hautē Agapēseis sou ton plēsion hōs seauton ouk allē entolē estin meizōn toutōn — NA/TR · 31
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“Right, Teacher, the scribe replied… “You have stated vvv correctly that [God] is One and there is no other but Him,
Καλῶς Διδάσκαλε Καὶ ὁ γραμματεύς εἶπεν αὐτῷ εἶπες ἐπ’ ἀληθείας ὅτι ἐστιν εἷς καὶ ἔστιν οὐκ ἄλλος πλὴν αὐτοῦ Kalōs Didaskale Kai ho grammateus eipen autō eipes ep’ alētheias hoti estin heis kai estin ouk allos plēn autou — NA/TR · 32
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and to love Him with all [your] heart and with all [your] understanding and with all [your] strength, and to love [your] neighbor as yourself. This is more important than all burnt offerings and sacrifices.
καὶ τὸ ἀγαπᾶν αὐτὸν ἐξ ὅλης τῆς καρδίας καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς συνέσεως καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ἰσχύος καὶ τὸ ἀγαπᾶν τὸν πλησίον ὡς ἑαυτὸν ἐστιν περισσότερόν πάντων τῶν ὁλοκαυτωμάτων καὶ θυσιῶν kai to agapan auton ex holēs tēs kardias kai ex holēs tēs syneseōs kai ex holēs tēs ischyos kai to agapan ton plēsion hōs heauton estin perissoteron pantōn tōn holokautōmatōn kai thysiōn — NA/TR · 33
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When Jesus saw that [the man] had answered wisely, He said…, “You are not far from the kingdom of God. And no one dared to question Him [any] further.
Καὶ ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἰδὼν αὐτὸν ὅτι ἀπεκρίθη νουνεχῶς εἶπεν αὐτῷ εἶ Οὐ μακρὰν ἀπὸ τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ οὐδεὶς ἐτόλμα ἐπερωτῆσαι αὐτὸν οὐκέτι Kai ho Iēsous idōn auton hoti apekrithē nounechōs eipen autō ei Ou makran apo tēs basileias tou Theou kai oudeis etolma eperōtēsai auton ouketi — NA/TR · 34
Whose Son Is the Christ?
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While [Jesus] was teaching in the temple [courts], - [He] asked, “How {can} the scribes say that the Christ is [the] Son of David?
Καὶ διδάσκων ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἔλεγεν Πῶς οἱ γραμματεῖς λέγουσιν ὅτι ὁ Χριστὸς ἐστιν υἱὸς Δαυίδ Kai didaskōn en tō hierō apokritheis ho Iēsous elegen Pōs hoi grammateis legousin hoti ho Christos estin huios Dauid — NA/TR · 35
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Speaking by the Holy Spirit, David himself declared: ‘[The] Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand until… I put Your enemies under… Your feet.”’
ἐν τῷ τῷ Ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι Δαυὶδ αὐτὸς εἶπεν Κύριος Εἶπεν τῷ μου Κυρίῳ Κάθου ἐκ μου δεξιῶν Ἕως ἂν θῶ σου τοὺς ἐχθρούς Ὑποκάτω τῶν σου ποδῶν en tō tō Hagiō Pneumati Dauid autos eipen Kyrios Eipen tō mou Kyriō Kathou ek mou dexiōn Heōs an thō sou tous echthrous Hypokatō tōn sou podōn — NA/TR · 36
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David himself calls Him ‘Lord.’ So how can He be [David’s] son? And the large crowd listened to Him with delight.
Δαυὶδ Αὐτὸς λέγει αὐτὸν Κύριον καὶ πόθεν ἐστιν αὐτοῦ υἱός Καὶ ὁ πολὺς ὄχλος ἤκουεν αὐτοῦ ἡδέως Dauid Autos legei auton Kyrion kai pothen estin autou huios Kai ho polys ochlos ēkouen autou hēdeōs — NA/TR · 37
Beware of the Scribes
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In His teaching vvv [Jesus] also said, “Watch out for the scribes. They like to walk around in long robes, [to receive] greetings in the marketplaces,
ἐν αὐτοῦ τῇ διδαχῇ Καὶ ἔλεγεν Βλέπετε ἀπὸ τῶν γραμματέων τῶν θελόντων περιπατεῖν ἐν στολαῖς καὶ ἀσπασμοὺς ἐν ταῖς ἀγοραῖς en autou tē didachē Kai elegen Blepete apo tōn grammateōn tōn thelontōn peripatein en stolais kai aspasmous en tais agorais — NA/TR · 38
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and [to have] the chief seats in the synagogues and [the] places of honor at banquets.
καὶ πρωτοκαθεδρίας ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς καὶ πρωτοκλισίας ἐν τοῖς δείπνοις kai prōtokathedrias en tais synagōgais kai prōtoklisias en tois deipnois — NA/TR · 39
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They defraud widows [of their] houses, and for a show make lengthy prayers… These [men] will receive greater condemnation.
οἱ κατεσθίοντες τῶν χηρῶν τὰς οἰκίας καὶ προφάσει προσευχόμενοι μακρὰ οὗτοι λήμψονται περισσότερον κρίμα hoi katesthiontes tōn chērōn tas oikias kai prophasei proseuchomenoi makra houtoi lēmpsontai perissoteron krima — NA/TR · 40
The Widow’s Offering
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As [Jesus] was sitting opposite the treasury, He watched the crowd putting money into [it]. And many rich [people] put in large amounts.
Καὶ καθίσας κατέναντι τοῦ γαζοφυλακίου ἐθεώρει πῶς ὁ ὄχλος βάλλει χαλκὸν εἰς τὸ γαζοφυλάκιον καὶ πολλοὶ πλούσιοι ἔβαλλον πολλά Kai kathisas katenanti tou gazophylakiou etheōrei pōs ho ochlos ballei chalkon eis to gazophylakion kai polloi plousioi eballon polla — NA/TR · 41
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Then one poor widow came [and] put [in] two small copper coins, which amounted to a small fraction of a denarius.
καὶ μία πτωχὴ χήρα ἐλθοῦσα ἔβαλεν δύο λεπτὰ ὅ ἐστιν κοδράντης kai mia ptōchē chēra elthousa ebalen dyo lepta ho estin kodrantēs — NA/TR · 42
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- [Jesus] called His disciples {to Him} [and] said -, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put more than all the [others] into the treasury.
Καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος αὐτοῦ τοὺς μαθητὰς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι αὕτη ἡ πτωχὴ ἡ χήρα ἔβαλεν πλεῖον πάντων τῶν βαλλόντων εἰς τὸ γαζοφυλάκιον Kai proskalesamenos autou tous mathētas eipen autois Amēn legō hymin hoti hautē hē ptōchē hē chēra ebalen pleion pantōn tōn ballontōn eis to gazophylakion — NA/TR · 43
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For they all contributed out of their surplus, but she out of her poverty has put [in] all… she had vvv vvv vvv to live on.
γὰρ πάντες ἔβαλον ἐκ αὐτοῖς τοῦ περισσεύοντος δὲ αὕτη ἐκ αὐτῆς τῆς ὑστερήσεως ἔβαλεν πάντα ὅσα εἶχεν αὐτῆς ὅλον τὸν βίον gar pantes ebalon ek autois tou perisseuontos de hautē ek autēs tēs hysterēseōs ebalen panta hosa eichen autēs holon ton bion — NA/TR · 44